Birthdays

Create a web application to keep track of friends’ birthdays.

Getting Started

Open VS Code.

Start by clicking inside your terminal window, then execute cd by itself. You should find that its “prompt” resembles the below.

$

Click inside of that terminal window and then execute

wget https://cdn.cs50.net/2022/fall/labs/9/birthdays.zip

followed by Enter in order to download a ZIP called birthdays.zip in your codespace. Take care not to overlook the space between wget and the following URL, or any other character for that matter!

Now execute

unzip birthdays.zip

to create a folder called birthdays. You no longer need the ZIP file, so you can execute

rm birthdays.zip

and respond with “y” followed by Enter at the prompt to remove the ZIP file you downloaded.

Now type

cd birthdays

followed by Enter to move yourself into (i.e., open) that directory. Your prompt should now resemble the below.

birthdays/ $

If all was successful, you should execute

ls

and you should see the following files and folders:

app.py  birthdays.db  static/  templates/

If you run into any trouble, follow these same steps again and see if you can determine where you went wrong!

Understanding

In app.py, you’ll find the start of a Flask web application. The application has one route (/) that accepts both POST requests (after the if) and GET requests (after the else). Currently, when the / route is requested via GET, the index.html template is rendered. When the / route is requested via POST, the user is redirected back to / via GET.

birthdays.db is a SQLite database with one table, birthdays, that has four columns: id, name, month, and day. There are a few rows already in this table, though ultimately your web application will support the ability to insert rows into this table!

In the static directory is a styles.css file containing the CSS code for this web application. No need to edit this file, though you’re welcome to if you’d like!

In the templates directory is an index.html file that will be rendered when the user views your web application.

Implementation Details

Complete the implementation of a web application to let users store and keep track of birthdays.

• When the / route is requested via GET, your web application should display, in a table, all of the people in your database along with their birthdays.
  • First, in app.py, add logic in your GET request handling to query the birthdays.db database for all birthdays. Pass all of that data to your index.html template.
  • Then, in index.html, add logic to render each birthday as a row in the table. Each row should have two columns: one column for the person’s name and another column for the person’s birthday.
• When the / route is requested via POST, your web application should add a new birthday to your database and then re-render the index page.
  • First, in index.html, add an HTML form. The form should let users type in a name, a birthday month, and a birthday day. Be sure the form submits to / (its “action”) with a method of post.
  • Then, in app.py, add logic in your POST request handling to INSERT a new row into the birthdays table based on the data supplied by the user.

Optionally, you may also:

• Add the ability to delete and/or edit birthday entries.
• Add any additional features of your choosing!

Walkthrough

Hints

• Recall that you can call db.execute to execute SQL queries within app.py.
  • If you call db.execute to run a SELECT query, recall that the function will return to you a list of dictionaries, where each dictionary represents one row returned by your query.
• You’ll likely find it helpful to pass in additional data to render_template() in your index function so that access birthday data inside of your index.html template.
• Recall that the tr tag can be used to create a table row and the td tag can be used to create a table data cell.
• Recall that, with Jinja, you can create a for loop inside your index.html file.
• In app.py, you can obtain the data POSTed by the user’s form submission via request.form.get(field) where field is a string representing the name attribute of an input from your form.
  • For example, if in index.html, you had an <input name="foo" type="text">, you could use request.form.get("foo") in app.py to extract the user’s input.

Testing

No check50 for this lab! But be sure to test your web application by adding some birthdays and ensuring that the data appears in your table as expected.

Run flask run in your terminal while in your birthdays directory to start a web server that serves your Flask application.

How to Submit

1. While in your birthdays directory, create a ZIP file of your Flask application by executing:

zip -r birthdays.zip *

2. Download your birthdays.zip file by control-clicking or right-clicking on the file in your codespace’s file browser and choosing Download.
3. Go to CS50’s Gradescope page.
4. Click “Lab 9: Birthdays”.
5. Drag and drop your birthdays.zip file to the area that says “Drag & Drop”. Be sure it has that exact filename! If you upload a file with a different name, the autograder likely will fail when trying to run it, and ensuring you have uploaded files with the correct filename is your responsibility!
6. Click “Upload”.

You should see a message that says “Lab 9: Birthdays” submitted successfully!”

Want to see the staff’s solution?

import os

from cs50 import SQL
from flask import Flask, flash, jsonify, redirect, render_template, request, session

app = Flask(__name__)

db = SQL("sqlite:///birthdays.db")

@app.route("/", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def index():
    if request.method == "POST":

        # Access form data
        name = request.form.get("name")
        month = request.form.get("month")
        day = request.form.get("day")

        # Insert data into database
        db.execute("INSERT INTO birthdays (name, month, day) VALUES(?, ?, ?)", name, month, day)

        # Go back to homepage
        return redirect("/")

    else:

        # Query for all birthdays
        birthdays = db.execute("SELECT * FROM birthdays")

        # Render birthdays page
        return render_template("index.html", birthdays=birthdays)

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">
    <head>
        <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@500&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
        <link href="/static/styles.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <title>Birthdays</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="jumbotron">
            <h1>Birthdays</h1>
        </div>
        <div class="container">
            <div class="section">

                <h2>Add a birthday.</h2>
                <form action="/" method="POST">
                    <input name="name" placeholder="Name" type="text">
                    <input name="month" placeholder="Month" type="number" min="1" max="12">
                    <input name="day" placeholder="Day" type="number" min="1" max="31">
                    <input type="submit" value="Add Birthday">
                </form>
            </div>

            <div class="section">
                <table>
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>Name</th>
                            <th>Birthday</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                        {% for birthday in birthdays %}
                            <tr>
                                <td>{{ birthday.name }}</td>
                                <td>{{ birthday.month }}/{{ birthday.day }}</td>
                            </tr>
                        {% endfor %}
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

body {
    background-color: #fff;
    color: #212529;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
    text-align: left;
}

.container {
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding-left: 15px;
    padding-right: 15px;
    text-align: center;
    width: 90%;
}

.jumbotron {
    background-color: #477bff;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding: 2rem 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.section {
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    padding-left: 2rem;
    padding-right: 2rem;
    padding-top: 0.5rem;
}

.section:hover {
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
    transition: color 2s ease-in-out, background-color 0.15s ease-in-out;
}

h1 {
    font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
    font-size: 48px;
}

button, input[type="submit"] {
    background-color: #d9edff;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.5;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
    text-align: center;
    transition: color 0.15s ease-in-out, background-color 0.15s ease-in-out, border-color 0.15s ease-in-out, box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

input[type="text"], input[type="number"] {
    line-height: 1.8;
    width: 25%;
}

input[type="text"]:hover, input[type="number"]:hover {
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
    transition: color 2s ease-in-out, background-color 0.15s ease-in-out;
}

table {
    background-color: transparent;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    width: 100%;
}

table th,
table td {
    padding: 0.75rem;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

tbody tr:nth-of-type(odd) {
    background-color: rgb(179, 208, 255, 0.3)
}